9/11: BLUEPRINT FOR TRUTH -- THE ARCHITECTURE OF DESTRUCTION: THE FORENSIC SCIENCE-BASED FACTS OF 9/11 |
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by Architects & Engineers for 9/11 Truth
Slide 1: "Condemnation without investigation is the height of ignorance." -- Albert Einstein Slide 2: Richard Gage, AIA Slide 3:
Slide 4: More Ominous Terror Warnings "At this moment, somewhere in the world, terrorists are planning new attacks on our country. Their goal is to bring destruction to our shores that will make September the 11th pale by comparison." -- George W. Bush, Feb. 13, 2008 (in reference to FISA bill update) "Bush Spy Bill Stance Called Fear-Mongering" Slide 5: "The greatest threat now is 'a 9/11' occurring with a group of terrorists armed not with airline tickets and box cutters, but with a nuclear weapon in the middle of one of our own cities ... It's a very real threat." -- Dick Cheney, April 15, 2007 Slide 6: "Colorado Republican Tom Tancredo [said] he believes a nuclear terrorist attack on the U.S. could be imminent and that the U.S. needs to hurry up and think of a way to stop it." -- CBS News, August 3, 2007 Slide 7: "Former CIA Director R. James Woolsey tells NewsMax in an exclusive interview that terrorists could strike the American homeland -- possibly with a weapon of mass destruction -- this summer or early fall." -- NewsMax, August 7, 2007 Slide 8: "[If al-Qaida does launch an attack inside the U.S.] ... it will be much bigger than 9/11." -- retired CIA veteran Michael Scheuer, NewsMax, July 25, 2007 Slide 9: July 11, 2007: "Even though there was no specific terror threat, Head of Homeland Security, Michael Chertoff, proclaimed that he had a "gut feeling" that attacks were imminent!" -- Associated Press, July 11, 2007 Slide 10: 36% Believe the Administration Is Somehow Complicit -- Why? "A Scripps-Howard poll of 1,010 adults last month found that 36% of Americans consider it "very likely" or "somewhat likely" that government officials either allowed the attacks to be carried out or carried out the attacks themselves. Thirty-six percent adds up to a lot of people. This is not a fringe phenomenon. It is a mainstream political reality." -- Time Magazine, 9/3/06, Lev Grossman, "Why the 9/11 Conspiracy Theories Won't Go Away" Slide 11: 2007 Zogby Poll: 51% of Americans Want Congress to Probe the President and Vice President about 9/11 Zogby International, Ahead of the Curve. Released: September 06, 2007. Zogby Poll: 51% of Americans Want Congress to Probe Bush/Cheney Regarding 9/11 Attacks; Over 30% Seek Immediate Impeachment. 67% also fault 9/11 Commission for not investigating anomalous collapse of World Trade Center 7. Slide 12: ARCHITECTS & ENGINEERS FOR 9/11 TRUTH Richard Gage, AIA, Architect, rgage@ae911truth.org, Member of The American Institute of Architects 9/11: Re-examining the 3 WTC high-rise "collapses" Slide 13: The Website Architects & Engineers for 9/11 Truth Slides 14 & 15: TO THE MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: On Behalf of the People of the United States of America, the undersigned Architects and Engineers for 9/11 Truth and affiliates hereby petition for, and demand, a truly independent investigation with subpoena power in order to uncover the full truth surrounding the events of 9/11/01 -- specifically the collapse of the World Trade Center Towers and Building 7. We believe that there is sufficient doubt about the official story, and therefore that the 9/11 investigation must be re-opened, and must include a full inquiry into the possible use of explosives that may have been the actual cause behind the destruction of the World Trade Center Towers and WTC Building 7. Slide 16: 9/11 Slide 17: 9/11: SHOCK AND AWE
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Slide 20: The Jets, Impacts, Collapses, and the Development of a Myth Slide 21: from the DVD: "9/11 Mysteries" "On September 11, we learned that four passenger planes were hijacked and taken radically off course. Within an hour, two of the planes had flown into the enormous steel towers of the World Trade Center, creating fires and eventually toppling them. Dazed by the news, the American public soon believed the fires in the towers had burned so hot they caused the steel frames of the buildings to give way. A myth developed, fed by official sources through the media to a bewildered audience. Elements of the myth: the impact of the airplanes, gallons of burning jet fuel, steel melting, the buildings failing and suddenly imploding. In a mere 10 seconds, 110 stories hurtled earthward pulverizing into dust. Right from the start, on the street itself, the official story was born." "Come out of nowhere, and just 'ream," right into the side of the tower, exploding through the other side. And then I witnessed both towers collapse. The first, and then the second, mostly due to structural failure because the fire was just too intense." "The myth bled into the FEMA report and was echoed by the experts." "It was the combination of the impact load doing great damage to the building, followed by the fire that caused collapse." -- W. Gene Corley, Ph.D., American Society of Civil Engineers Slide 22:
The Scientific Method Formulate Question → Perform Research & Make Observations → Construct Hypothesis & Make Predictions → Test With Experiments → Analyze Results, Draw Conclusions → Hypothesis is Corroborated → Report Results (Transparency, Repeatability) Formulate Question → Perform Research & Make Observations → Construct Hypothesis & Make Predictions → Test With Experiments → Analyze Results, Draw Conclusions → Hypothesis is Not Corroborated → Try Again! Let's Apply it: "Fire-induced Collapse Hypothesis" vs. "Controlled Demolition Hypothesis" Slide 23:
Slide 24: What Demolished the 3 WTC High-rises? Slide 25: Forces that Destroy Buildings
Each has a very different and identifiable set of characteristics Slide 26: Fire Induced Collapses are Asymmetrical ... Yet No Steel-Framed High-Rise Has Ever Collapsed
Oct., 2004 -- Caracas, Venezuela. 56-story building burned for 17 hours over 26 floors Fire Destruction:
Slide 27: 20 Year Fire Protection Engineer Jonathan Barnett / FEMA: "Until [9/11] I have not seen a Protected Steel Structure Collapse in a Fire." Slide 28: The way in which steel frame buildings behave in fires depends on their construction. In this test done by British Steel in 1995, a large amount of typical office furniture was burned to see what happened to the heavy steel beams that supported the ceiling. "When steel is bare, when it heats up, it gets weaker. It's not that it melts in a fire. In fact the fires, normal fires, are not hot enough to melt steel. Even if you were, for example, to use an unusual fuel, like kerosene, you cannot achieve temperatures hot enough to melt steel. But what happens is it starts to lose its strength. And as it loses its strength, it starts to sag. It becomes softer and sags, and can no longer support the load." -- Professor Jonathan Barnett, Worcester Polytechnic Institute This was the largest test of its time __, and it showed how unprotected steel can be distorted even by a normal office fire. But as is usual in steel buildings, the structural beams only slowly and progressively warped and sagged. There was no chance of a sudden collapse. "In over 20 years I have not seen -- until recently -- a protected steel structure that has collapsed in a fire." -- Professor Jonathan Barnett, Worcester Polytechnic Institute So what was the cause of the devastating explosive failure that happened to the World Trade Center? Slide 29: These Buildings Fell Over / Following path of least resistance
These Buildings Collapsed / Recognizable as buildings (Concrete)
Slide 30: These Buildings Exploded
Slide 31: A Typical Controlled Demolition (Fire doesn't do this to Buildings) Slide 32:
Slide 33: But Things Can Go Wrong With Controlled Demolition Slide 34: This building is about to be destroyed in what is called a controlled demolition. Buildings do not do this spontaneously. Here is another example of a controlled demolition. The initial charges are spaced about one second apart and you can see that each section begins falling separately. Successful demolitions require that all structural support columns collapse at virtually the same time.
If they don't, or something else goes wrong, the result will look something like this. Slide 35: Typical Controlled Demolition Characteristic Features: Slide 36: 1. Sudden Onset of Destruction at Base of Structure Slide 37: 2. Straight-Down, Symmetrical Collapse Into Footprint Slide 38: 3. Demolition Waves Remove Column Support Slide 39: 4. Free-Fall Speed Through Path of Greatest Resistance Slide 40: 5. Total Dismemberment of Steel Structure for Shipping Slide 41: 6. Minimal Damage to Adjacent Structures Slide 42: 7. Sounds and Flashes of Explosives Slide 43: 8. Enormous Clouds of Pulverized Concrete Slide 44: 9. Squibs: Explosive Charges Visible at Upper Floors Slide 45: 10. Chemical Evidence of Cutter Charges Slide 46:
Slide 47: World Trade Center Building 7 Slide 48: WTC 7
Slide 49: Yet it was the 3rd WTC high-rise to collapse on 9/11 (110 yards from the North Tower) Slide 50: WTC7: Built over an existing "Con Ed" Electrical Substation: Any failure in these large trusses and supports would ensure an asymmetrical collapse.
Slide 51: WTC 7: Hit by Debris from North Tower, Collapses 7 hours later at 5:20 p.m.
Slide 52: WTC 7 -- Fire Progression at East (Where Collapse Began) East Side, 2:30 p.m. + / -
North Side, 3:00 p.m. + / - 12th floor: (spread to East end) 7th floor: (never burned East of bldg. center)
Slide 53: WTC 7 -- Fire Progression to East End (12th & 13th -- Securities & Exchange Commission)
Slide 54: WTC Building 7 -- The Explosive Demolition Hypothesis Slide 55: 1. Sudden Onset of Destruction at BASE of Structure Slide 56: Emergency Worker: Eyewitness to Sudden Onset -- "... a sound of a clap of thunder ... shockwave ripping through the building ... windows busting out ..." INTERVIEW 1010 WINS NYC NEWS RADIO WITH AN EMERGENCY WORKER BROADCASTED LIVE ON SEPTEMBER 11TH "WE WERE WATCHING THE BUILDING [WTC7] Slide 57: "WE WERE WATCHING THE BUILDING [WTC7] ACTUALLY 'CUZ IT WAS ON FIRE ... THE BOTTOM FLOORS OF THE BUILDING WERE ON FIRE AND ... WE HEARD THIS SOUND THAT SOUNDED LIKE A CLAP OF THUNDER ... TURNED AROUND -- WE WERE SHOCKED TO SEE THAT THE BUILDING WAS, AH, WELL IT LOOKED LIKE THERE WAS A SHOCKWAVE RIPPING THROUGH THE BUILDING AND THE WINDOWS ALL BUSTED OUT ... IT WAS HORRIFYING ... ABOUT A SECOND LATER THE BOTTOM FLOOR CAVED OUT AND THE BUILDING FOLLOWED AFTER THAT ... WE SAW THE BUILDING CRASH DOWN ALL THE WAY TO THE GROUND ... WE WERE IN SHOCK." Slide 58: Same as Slide 57. Slide 59: 2. Straight-Down, Symmetrical Collapse Into Bldg. Footprint Slide 60: CBS News with Dan Rather -- WTC 7 Collapse at 5:21 p.m. -- "... it's reminiscent of those pictures we've all seen too much on television where a building was deliberately destroyed by well-placed dynamite to knock it down." Slide 61: "What you are seeing are high shots. Now, here we're going to show you a videotape of the collapse itself. Now, we go to videotape of the collapse of this building. Amazing! Incredible! Pick your word. For the third time today, reminiscent of those pictures we've all seen too much on television where a building was deliberately destroyed by well-placed dynamite to knock it down." Slide 62: Same as Slide 61. Slide 63: WTC 7 -- A Straight-Down Symmetrical Collapse
Network TV, From the North Side of Bldg 7 on West Street Slide 64:
Slide 65: Side-by-Side Comparison of WTC 7 to an Acknowledged Controlled Demolition
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Slide 67: "... and nearly into its own footprint. The Center of the Pile is in the Center of the Building."
Slide 68: 3. DEMOLITION WAVES Remove Column Support Slide 69: 23 Core Columns Give way at once Can fire cause the core columns to fail within 1/10th of a second of each other (after Column 79) such that the building would collapse straight down, rapidly and symmetrically?
WTC Bldg. 7 Slide 70: WTC 7: East Penthouse Collapses First "The working hypothesis is based on an initial local failure caused by normal building fires, not fires from leaking pressurized fuel lines or fuel from day tanks." -- NIST 12/18/07
Figure L-29. Plan view of regions for collapse initiation. Slide 71: 4. Free-Fall Speed Through Path of Greatest Resistance Slide 72: WTC 7 Acceleration -- Unresisted!
Slide 73: "We can measure the downward acceleration of Building 7 by video frame analysis. I used a magnifying glass to place markers on the corner of the building in each frame.
From this we can get a data table and various graphs.
The slope of this graph indicates acceleration which is shown here to be about -10.279 + or - .6. Free-fall in a vacuum is -9.8 in these units. That falls within the margin of error of this measurement. In other words, the rate of fall of Building 7 in the first few seconds is indistinguishable from free-fall in a vacuum." Slide 74: WTC 7 Acceleration -- Nearly FREE-FALL
Slide 75: 5. Total Dismemberment of Steel Structure Slide 76: A 47-Story Skyscraper Compressed to 4 Stories, Indicating total dismemberment of the steel skeleton.
Slide 77: Same as Slide 29. Slide 78: 6. MINIMAL DAMAGE to Adjacent Structures Slide 79: Minimal Damage to Adjacent Post Office and Verizon Office Bldg. Requires Precise Control of Detonation Sequence
Slide 80: 7. Sounds of Explosions Slide 81: Craig Bartmer, NYPD, Eyewitness to Explosions Slide 82: "And the whole time you're hearing 'thum, thum, thum, thum'. So I think I know an explosion when I hear it, you know. I was real close to Building 7 when it fell down, and ran away from that. It sucked! That's one of the things I live with all of the time. And I don't know, but that didn't sound like just a building falling down to me when I was running away from it. There's a lot of eyewitness testimony down there hearing explosions. I didn't see any reason for that building to fall down the way it did, and a lot of guys should be saying the same thing." Slide 83: Craig Bartmer, NYPD, "Thume! Thume! Thume! ... Think I know an explosion when I hear it ..."
Craig Bartner, Former NYPD, First Responder, Ground Zero Worker Slide 84: Eyewitness to WTC 7 Explosion Kevin McPadden -- Former Air Force Special Operations for Search and Rescue Slide 85: "He came back over with his hand over the radio and what sounded like a countdown. And at the last few seconds, he took his hand off, and you heard, '3, 2, 1.' And he was just saying, 'Just run for your life! Run for your life.' And then it was another two, three seconds you heard explosions, like BA-BOOM! And it's like a distinct sound. It's not like compression, like BOOM, BOOM, BOOM, BOOM, BOOM. Like floors that were dropping and collapsing. This was BA-BOOM! And you felt a rumble in the ground like almost you wanted to grab onto something. To me, I knew that was an explosion. There was no doubt in my mind." Slide 86:
Kevin McPadden -- Former Air Force Special Operations for Search and Rescue Slide 87: Same as Slide 85. Slide 88: 8. Enormous Pyroclastic Clouds of Pulverized Concrete Slide 89: Pyroclastic-Like Clouds of Pulverized Concrete
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Slide 91: 9. Pools of Molten Iron Slide 92: Any Evidence of Molten Metal? Note: This section applies to the Twin Towers as well as WTC 7. Slide 93: Pouring Molten Metal from WTC 2 There is also video and photo evidence of what appears to be a Thermite reaction taking place in the South Tower. Just moments before it collapses, a whitish-yellow molten metal can be seen pouring out of the damaged floors. Slide 94: Inoperative. Slide 95: Was it Molten Aluminum from an Airplane?
Slides 96 & 97: WTC Structural Engineer: Eyewitnesses Molten Metal
Slide 98: Molten Metal on the Street
Slide 99: What do the First Responders and Demolition Contractors say about molten metal? Slide 100:
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Slide 102: O'Toole remembers seeing a crane lift a steel beam vertically from deep within the catacombs of Ground Zero.
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FDNY Firefighters Witness Molten Metal
Slide 110: "And you'd get down below and you'd see molten steel -- molten steel running down the channel rails. Like you're in a foundry. Like lava from a volcano."
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Massive Heat Source Bends Steel Columns With no Buckling Slide 119: from the DVD: "9/11 Mysteries"
"The steel in dragon-like lengths and contortions spoke for itself.
Bent, deformed, without cracks."
"I find it hard to believe that it actually bent, because of the size of it and how there's no cracks in the iron. It bent without almost a single crack in it.
It takes thousands of degrees to bend steel like this."
"Typically you'd have buckling and tearing on the tension side, but there's no buckling at all. There's no buckling at all."
"And architects, engineers, people who work with steel -- welders -- have just never seen the level of destruction and the level of deformation of this material in their lives." -- Bart Voorsanger, Architect
"Explosives also deform steel. As they fire, gas pushes outward.
The force of the gas can easily bend a large steel column." Slide 120: Reporting to Jim McKay, Post-Gazette Staff Writer, on September 11, 2002:
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Slide 122: Molten Metal "Meteorites" Slide 123:
From the DVD: "Relics in the Rubble" "One of the more unusual artifacts to emerge from the rubble is this rock-like object that has come to be known as the meteorite."
"There's this fused element of molten steel, and concrete, and all of these things, all fused into one single element."
"And almost like a chunk of lava from Kilauea or Iceland where they're very sharp but breakable shards on the end here." Slide 124: Cooled Molten Metal "Meteorites" Found at WTC: Very High Iron Content 9/11 artifacts architect, Bart Voorsanger, discovers numerous multi-ton previously molten "meteorites" in the WTC rubble.
(Aluminum does not rust!) Slide 125: Hot spots in WTC rubble: Corroborates reports of deep-down molten metal.
(USGS aerial photo 9-16-01) Surface Temperatures:
The official reports by NIST, FEMA and the 9/11 Commission, however, omit any mention of the large quantities of molten metal observed in the basement areas of the twin towers and WTC 7. Slide 126: Hot spots in WTC rubble: Corroborates reports of deep-down molten metal.
WTC Site, Sept. 18, 2001 Slide 127: Molten metal beneath both Towers and WTC 7.
Hydrocarbons (i.e., jet fuel) burning in open air cannot produce temperatures capable of melting steel. So what can?
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Slide 129: "Mr. Bryan: I didn't personally see molten steel at the World Trade Center site. It was reported to me by contractors we had been working with. Molten steel was encountered primarily during excavation of debris around the South Tower when large hydraulic excavators were digging trenches 2 to 4 meters deep into the compacted/burning debris pile. There are both video tape and still photos of the molten steel being 'dipped' out by the buckets of excavators. I'm not sure where you can get a copy. Sorry I cannot provide personal confirmation. Regards. Mark Loizeaux, President, CONTROLLED DEMOLITION, INC., 2737 Merryman's Mill Road, Phoenix, Maryland USA 21131" Slide 130: And Yet NIST Flatly Denies the Existence of Molten Metal John Gross, Lead Engineer of the NIST Report, answers questions about molten Metal: "I know of absolutely nobody -- no eyewitnesses -- nobody who has produced it." At a lecture of Univ. of Texas / Austin on the collapse of the Twin Towers. Slide 131: Matt Dayton of Project for a new American Citizen: "I'm curious about the pool of molten steel that was found in the bottom of the towers." [John Gross] "I am too. Please tell me about it. Have you seen it?" [Matt Dayton] "Well, not personally, but eyewitnesses there found huge pools of molten steel beneath the towers. And some scientists don't think that the collapse of the building could have melted all that steel. And a physics professor analyzed some of the steel, Steven Jones, and he found evidence of thermate residue, which would explain how the buildings collapsed by means of pre-planted explosives. So have you analyzed the steel for us?" [John Gross] First of all, let's go back to your basic premise that there was a pool of molten steel. I know of absolutely nobody, and no eyewitness who has said so, and nobody who has produced it." FDNY Firefighters Witness Molten Metal -- "You'd get down below and you'd see molten steel -- molten steel running down the channel rails. Like you're in a foundry. Like lava from a volcano." "Out, still on the rubble, it's still, I believe, 1,100°. The guys' boots just melt within a few hours." "It's unbelievable, and this is almost six weeks later. And as we get closer to the center of this, it gets hotter and hotter. It's probably 1,500 degrees. We've had some small windows into what we thought was the core at some point, and it looked like an oven. It was just roaring inside. And it was just a bright, bright, reddish-orange color."
[John Gross] I know of absolutely nobody, and no eyewitness who has said so, and nobody who has produced it. Now, I was on the site. I was on the steel yards. So, I can't, I don't know that that's so. Steel melts at about 2,600 °F. I think it's probably pretty difficult to get that kind of temperature in a fire. So, I don't know the basis. I can't address your question if I don't know the basis." [Matt Dayton] "Well, thermal images show those sorts of temperatures in the basement." [John Gross] "Would you send them to me?" [Matt Dayton] "Okay, I would like to echo a frequently asked question on the NIST.com website regarding World Trade Center 7 in that the report on World Trade Center 7's ___ after collapse has not been released by NIST. And the fact that the tower collapsed in approximately 6.6 seconds, and free-fall in a vacuum would be approximately 6 seconds, is a controlled demolition hypothesis being examined for World Trade Center 7?" [John Gross] "We are looking at it. There's actually a very good write-up recently from Controlled Demolition Expert which you probably ought to read. We haven't finished the investigation yet, so I'm not at liberty to talk about any intermediate finding. We were charged with finding out the cause of the collapse. And we found what happened. I think we've scientifically demonstrated what was required to initiate the collapse. Once the collapse initiated, the video evidence is rather clear. It was not stopped by the floors below, so there was no calculation that we did to demonstrate that, what is clear from the videos." ONE MORE TIME. [John Gross] "We were charged with finding out the cause of the collapse. And we found what happened. I think we've scientifically demonstrated what was required to initiate the collapse. Once the collapse initiated, the video evidence is rather clear. It was not stopped by the floors below, so there was no calculation that we did to demonstrate that, what is clear from the videos." You're right John! It is clear from the video evidence. Slide 132: NIST's Scientific Method: NIST: If the Data doesn't support the FIRE hypothesis: Deny that it exists! Slide 133: WTC Basement Fires Defeat Water! Fires much worse after collapse.
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Slide 136: 10. Chemical Evidence of Thermate Cutter Charges Slide 137: Could Thermite Have Produced All That Molten Metal? Slide 138: Thermite: An Incendiary Used by Military and in Controlled Demolition Slide 139 From the DVD: "9/11 Mysteries" "Thermite: Fe²0³ + 2Al An incendiary used by the military, Thermite is a compound of Iron Oxide and Aluminum which, when ignited, sustains an extreme heat reaction creating molten iron. In just two seconds, Thermite can reach temperatures of over 4,500 °F: quite enough to liquify steel. We know that open air fires cannot burn hot enough to melt steel. But metal had melted at the base of the Towers.
Appendix C of the FEMA report describes sulfur residues on the World Trade Center steel. The New York Times called this 'the deepest mystery of all.' Sulfur slightly lowers the melting point of iron, and iron oxide and iron sulfide had formed on the surface of the structural steel. Sulfur used with Thermite is called Thermate, producing even faster results. Thermite: Fe²0³ + 2Al + Sulfur → lowered melting point and accelerated results." Slide 140: Was NFPA 921, Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations used? Standard for Arson Investigation
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Slide 142: "Chemical Analysis Performed On Previously Molten Metal" -- Dr. Steven Jones, Physicist Slide 143: The Signature of Thermite "Thermite reaction compounds used to ignite a fire ...
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Slide 145: Periodic Table of the Elements
Slide 146: Molten Metal Sample from WTC
Slide 147: The previously molten metal is predominately iron. So he rules out molten aluminum from jet planes. Electron microphone data (BYU, June 2006)
Slide 148: The molten metal has very little Chromium, yet abundant Manganese. So he rules out molten structural steel as a major component. Electron microphone data (BYU, June 2006)
Slide 149: The previously molten metal has small amounts of Aluminum (Al), Sulfur (S), and Potassium (K). Electron microphone data (BYU, June 2006)
Slide 150: The previously molten metal has Manganese and Fluorine in abundance. Electron microphone data (BYU, June 2006)
Slide 151: Manganese and Fluorine? The Manganese is from the Potassium Permanganate (KMn04), commonly used as an oxidizer in thermite. Fluorine is used in Sol-Gel type thermite charges. Hence, K, Mn and F are often present in the residue, and are part of a "thermite fingerprint." Slide 152: 2nd Sample Source: 9/11 Monument.
Slide 153: The previously molten metal samples clinging to WTC steel, from the monument.
Slide 154: Gel-explosives: "Super-thermite". Tiny aluminum particles in iron oxide, in a sol-gel: "High energy density and extremely powerful." "... can be cast to shape." -- Livermore Nat'l Lab 2000
Slide 155: 1999: "Invention offers a thermite based apparatus for cutting target material [steel] of substantial thickness ... linear ... cutting action ..."
This thermite-based method will allow operators to penetrate thicker materials in time frames similar to explosive shape charges without the safety concerns and security risks associated with explosives. In addition, the sustained duration of a thermite jet will more effectively handle discontinuities and interfaces that normally disrupt and dissipate explosively driven shape charge jets ... the sustained jet of a thermite charge offers improved performance with limited or substantially no preconditioning ... the projected thermite charge particle stream anticipated timing for material penetration is typically on the order of hundreds of milliseconds. Slide 156: Thermite cut through steel? (Office fires don't do this to steel)
WTC 7 Steel from the 9/11 Memorial, International Peace Garden, ND/Manitoba Slide 157: WTC 7 Steel from the 9/11 Memorial, International Peace Garden, ND/Manitoba
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Slide 160: X-EDS Analysis of Slag Residue on End of Beam at International Peace Park, ND/Manitoba
Slides 161 & 162: But sol-gels (super-thermite "binder") would also leave a signature residue: 1,3-diphenylpropane (1,3-DPP) Slide 163:
Slides 164 & 165: EPA Analysis of the WTC dust showed:
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Swartz speculated that it might possibly be from computers, but there have been many computers burned in office fires, and no 1,3 DPP has ever been found! Slide 167: Evidence of Thermite in the WTC Dust? Iron-aluminum-rich Microspheres Slide 168: Iron-rich Micro Spherules found in WTC Dust by Steven Jones, Ph.D., Physicist
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From WTC Dust found in J. MacKinlay apartment across the street from WTC 2 Prof. Jones collected iron-rich particles in the dust by pulling a magnet across the outside of a plastic bag containing the dust. He found an abundance of spherical particles in this iron-rich component, some of which were up to about 1.5 mm. (about 1/16") in diameter -- quite visible. Slide 170:
Jones estimates an overall quantity of ten tons of molten iron from thermite based on the quantity and chemical composition of the spheres seen, and the amount of dust produced during the destruction of these buildings. Slide 171: Compare the Iron-Rich Micro Spherules found in WTC Dust to a Known Thermite Experiment
Slide 172: Microspheres Carry "Signature" of Thermite
WTC Iron microspheres contain almost the same chemical makeup in percentages as the controlled experiment: Iron, Aluminum, Manganese, etc.
Microspheres from Parulis Thermite Experiment -- X-EDS signature: Iron, Aluminum, Manganese, etc. Slide 173: Corroboration by USGS -- EPA Others have reported the presence of iron-rich particles in the dust: "The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has begun a reassessment of the presence of World Trade Center (WTC) dust in residences, public buildings, and office spaces in New York City, New York. Meeker and others (2005a) have identified slag wool (a man-made vitreous fiber, MMVF), gypsum (CaSO4_2H20), or anhydrite (CaSO4), and phases compatible with concrete as signature components of the WTC dust. In addition to these phases, other MMVF, metal or metal oxides, mineral material, and asbestos are present in trace to minor amounts."
Slide 174: Corroboration by R.J. Lee Company WTC Dust Signature Report, Deutsche Bank, December, 2003 The R.J. Lee report concludes: "Various metals (most notably iron and lead) were melted during the WTC Event, producing spherical metallic particles. Exposure of phases to high heat results in the formation of spherical particles due to surface tension ..."
Slide 175: Corrosion from "Atomized" Thermite?
Slide 176: Manganese was also found by the Lower Manhattan Development Corp, and the City's Chief Medical Examiner: " ... large amounts of 9/11 toxins, asbestos, dioxin, lead, silica, quartz, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chromium and manganese have been found in the Deutsche Bank Building across the street from WTC 2." Slide 177: Dr. Jones' Results Given the mix of trace metals present in anomalously high concentrations in the WTC dust, such as zinc, copper and manganese, and the formation of iron-aluminum-rich spherules ... it is clear that significant aluminothermic reactions occurred, with likely ingredients to include powders of aluminum, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc nitrate, and potassium permanganate.
Slide 178: Unignited Thermite also found in the WTC Dust? Slide 179: Numerous "Red Chips" Found in WTC dust (in all 4 WTC dust samples by Steven Jones, Ph.D.)
Slide 180: X-EDS Confirms Thermite Signature in "Unexploded" Red Chips
X-EDS of Red chips, Liberty Apt. (sample 1), Bridge (sample 4) Fe-O-(K)-Al-Si
X-EDS of Traditional Thermite Slide 181: Red Chips from WTC Dust are Bi-layered, Red (left) / Gray (right).
Particles are "Nano-sized" (Explosive Thermate) Slide 182: Nano-thermite, aka Super-thermite: "... extremely fine mixing of ultrafine aluminum and iron oxide." -- Lawrence Livermore Lab
Slide 183: Super Thermites Are Explosive. Los Alamos National Lab is a Leading Research Lab
Summary: Metal fluorocarbon mixtures have been recognized since World War II as highly reactive pyrotechnics. Their use as explosives, however, has, until recently, been limited due to the inherently low reaction rates of the metal particles with the fluorocarbon material. Scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered that these slow reaction rates can be greatly enhanced by substituting nano-sized aluminum for the conventional micron-sized metal powders, enabling various applications heretofore not possible with metal fluorocarbon mixtures. Slide 184: Partially Reacted Thermite Found in WTC dust samples
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